Changes between Version 1 and Version 2 of TracFineGrainedPermissions


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Timestamp:
06/08/15 23:22:44 (9 years ago)
Author:
trac
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  • TracFineGrainedPermissions

    v1 v2  
    11= Fine grained permissions =
    2 
    3 Before Trac 0.11, it was only possible to define fine-grained permissions checks on the repository browser sub-system.
    4 
    5 Since 0.11, there's a general mechanism in place that allows custom **permission policy plugins** to grant or deny any action on any kind of Trac resources, even at the level of specific versions of such resources.
    6 
    7 Note that for Trac 0.12, `authz_policy` has been integrated as an optional module (in `tracopt.perm.authz_policy.*`), so it's installed by default and can simply be activated via the //Plugins// panel in the Trac administration module.
    8 
     2[[PageOutline(2-5, Contents, floated)]]
     3[[TracGuideToc]]
     4
     5There is a general mechanism in place that allows custom **permission policy plugins** to grant or deny any action on any kind of Trac resource, even at the level of specific versions of such resources.
     6
     7That mechanism is `authz_policy`, which is an optional module in `tracopt.perm.authz_policy.*`, so it is installed by default. It can be activated via the //Plugins// panel in the Trac administration module.
    98
    109== Permission Policies ==
    1110
    12 A great diversity of permission policies can be implemented, and Trac comes with a few examples.
     11A great diversity of permission policies can be implemented and Trac comes with a few examples.
    1312
    1413Which policies are currently active is determined by a configuration setting in TracIni:
    15 e.g.
    16 {{{
     14
     15{{{#!ini
    1716[trac]
    1817permission_policies = AuthzSourcePolicy, DefaultPermissionPolicy, LegacyAttachmentPolicy
    … …  
    2019This lists the [#AuthzSourcePolicy] described below as the first policy, followed by the !DefaultPermissionPolicy which checks for the traditional coarse grained style permissions described in TracPermissions, and the !LegacyAttachmentPolicy which knows how to use the coarse grained permissions for checking the permissions available on attachments.
    2120
    22 Among the possible optional choices, there is [#AuthzPolicy], a very generic permission policy, based on an Authz-style system. See
    23 [trac:source:branches/0.12-stable/tracopt/perm/authz_policy.py authz_policy.py] for details.
     21Among the optional choices, there is [#AuthzPolicy], a very generic permission policy, based on an Authz-style system. See
     22[trac:source:branches/1.0-stable/tracopt/perm/authz_policy.py authz_policy.py] for details.
    2423
    2524Another popular permission policy [#AuthzSourcePolicy], re-implements the pre-0.12 support for checking fine-grained permissions limited to Subversion repositories in terms of the new system.
    2625
    27 See also [trac:source:branches/0.12-stable/sample-plugins/permissions sample-plugins/permissions] for more examples.
    28 
     26See also [trac:source:branches/1.0-stable/sample-plugins/permissions sample-plugins/permissions] for more examples.
    2927
    3028=== !AuthzPolicy ===
    3129==== Configuration ====
    32 * Install [http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/configobj.html ConfigObj] (still needed for 0.12).
    33 * Copy authz_policy.py into your plugins directory.
     30* Install [http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/configobj.html ConfigObj].
    3431* Put a [http://swapoff.org/files/authzpolicy.conf authzpolicy.conf] file somewhere, preferably on a secured location on the server, not readable for others than the webuser. If the  file contains non-ASCII characters, the UTF-8 encoding should be used.
    3532* Update your `trac.ini`:
    36   1. modify the [TracIni#trac-section permission_policies] entry in the `[trac]` section
    37 {{{
     33  1. modify the [TracIni#trac-section permission_policies] entry in the `[trac]` section:
     34{{{#!ini
    3835[trac]
    3936...
    4037permission_policies = AuthzPolicy, DefaultPermissionPolicy, LegacyAttachmentPolicy
    4138}}}
    42   2. add a new `[authz_policy]` section
    43 {{{
     39  1. add a new `[authz_policy]` section:
     40{{{#!ini
    4441[authz_policy]
    4542authz_file = /some/trac/env/conf/authzpolicy.conf
    4643}}}
    47   3. enable the single file plugin
    48 {{{
     44  1. enable the plugin through [/admin/general/plugin WebAdmin] or by editing the `[components]` section:
     45{{{#!ini
    4946[components]
    50 ...
    51 # Trac 0.12
    5247tracopt.perm.authz_policy.* = enabled
    53 # for Trac 0.11 use this
    54 #authz_policy.* = enabled
    55 }}}
     48}}}
     49
    5650==== Usage Notes ====
    57 Note that the order in which permission policies are specified is quite critical,
    58 as policies will be examined in the sequence provided.
     51
     52Note the order in which permission policies are specified: policies are implemented in the sequence provided and therefore may override earlier policy specifications.
    5953
    6054A policy will return either `True`, `False` or `None` for a given permission check. `True` is returned if the policy explicitly grants the permission. `False` is returned if the policy explicitly denies the permission. `None` is returned if the policy is unable to either grant or deny the permission.
    6155
    62 NOTE: Only if the return value is `None` will the ''next'' permission policy be consulted.
    63 If none of the policies explicitly grants the permission, the final result will be `False`
    64 (i.e. permission denied).
     56NOTE: Only if the return value is `None` will the ''next'' permission policy be consulted. If none of the policies explicitly grants the permission, the final result will be `False`, i.e. permission denied.
    6557
    6658The `authzpolicy.conf` file is a `.ini` style configuration file:
    67 {{{
     59{{{#!ini
    6860[wiki:PrivatePage@*]
    6961john = WIKI_VIEW, !WIKI_MODIFY
    … …  
    7163* =
    7264}}}
    73 * Each section of the config is a glob pattern used to match against a Trac resource
    74   descriptor. These descriptors are in the form:
     65* Each section of the config is a glob pattern used to match against a Trac resource descriptor. These descriptors are in the form:
    7566{{{
    7667<realm>:<id>@<version>[/<realm>:<id>@<version> ...]
    7768}}}
    78   Resources are ordered left to right, from parent to child. If any
    79   component is inapplicable, `*` is substituted. If the version pattern is
    80   not specified explicitely, all versions (`@*`) is added implicitly
    81 
    82   Example: Match the WikiStart page
    83 {{{
     69
     70Resources are ordered left to right, from parent to child. If any component is inapplicable, `*` is substituted. If the version pattern is not specified explicitly, all versions (`@*`) is added implicitly. Example: Match the WikiStart page:
     71{{{#!ini
    8472[wiki:*]
    8573[wiki:WikiStart*]
    … …  
    8876}}}
    8977
    90   Example: Match the attachment `wiki:WikiStart@117/attachment/FOO.JPG@*`
    91   on WikiStart
    92 {{{
     78Example: Match the attachment `wiki:WikiStart@117/attachment:FOO.JPG@*` on WikiStart:
     79{{{#!ini
    9380[wiki:*]
    9481[wiki:WikiStart*]
    9582[wiki:WikiStart@*]
    96 [wiki:WikiStart@*/attachment/*]
    97 [wiki:WikiStart@117/attachment/FOO.JPG]
    98 }}}
    99 
    100 * Sections are checked against the current Trac resource descriptor '''IN ORDER''' of
    101   appearance in the configuration file. '''ORDER IS CRITICAL'''.
    102 
    103 * Once a section matches, the current username is matched against the keys
    104   (usernames) of the section, '''IN ORDER'''.
     83[wiki:WikiStart@*/attachment:*]
     84[wiki:WikiStart@117/attachment:FOO.JPG]
     85}}}
     86
     87* Sections are checked against the current Trac resource descriptor '''IN ORDER''' of appearance in the configuration file. '''ORDER IS CRITICAL'''.
     88
     89* Once a section matches, the current username is matched against the keys (usernames) of the section, '''IN ORDER'''.
    10590  * If a key (username) is prefixed with a `@`, it is treated as a group.
    106   * If a value (permission) is prefixed with a `!`, the permission is
    107     denied rather than granted.
    108 
    109   The username will match any of 'anonymous',
    110   'authenticated', <username> or '*', using normal Trac permission rules.
     91  * If a value (permission) is prefixed with a `!`, the permission is denied rather than granted.
     92
     93The username will match any of 'anonymous', 'authenticated', <username> or '*', using normal Trac permission rules. || '''Note:''' Other groups which are created by user (e.g. by 'adding subjects to groups' on web interface page //Admin / Permissions//) cannot be used. See [trac:ticket:5648 #5648] for details about this missing feature. ||
    11194
    11295For example, if the `authz_file` contains:
    113 {{{
     96{{{#!ini
    11497[wiki:WikiStart@*]
    11598* = WIKI_VIEW
    … …  
    127110
    128111Then:
    129   * All versions of WikiStart will be viewable by everybody (including anonymous)
     112  * All versions of WikiStart will be viewable by everybody, including anonymous
    130113  * !PrivatePage will be viewable only by john
    131114  * other pages will be viewable only by john and jack
    132115
    133116Groups:
    134 {{{
     117{{{#!ini
    135118[groups]
    136119admins = john, jack
    … …  
    153136
    154137Some repository examples (Browse Source specific):
    155 {{{
     138{{{#!ini
    156139# A single repository:
    157140[repository:test_repo@*]
    158141john = BROWSER_VIEW, FILE_VIEW
    159142# John has BROWSER_VIEW and FILE_VIEW for the entire test_repo
     143
     144# The default repository (requires Trac 1.0.2 or later):
     145[repository:@*]
     146john = BROWSER_VIEW, FILE_VIEW
     147# John has BROWSER_VIEW and FILE_VIEW for the entire default repository
    160148
    161149# All repositories:
    162150[repository:*@*]
    163151jack = BROWSER_VIEW, FILE_VIEW
    164 # John has BROWSER_VIEW and FILE_VIEW for all repositories
    165 }}}
    166 
    167 Very fine grain repository access:
    168 {{{
     152# Jack has BROWSER_VIEW and FILE_VIEW for all repositories
     153}}}
     154
     155Very granular repository access:
     156{{{#!ini
    169157# John has BROWSER_VIEW and FILE_VIEW access to trunk/src/some/location/ only
    170158[repository:test_repo@*/source:trunk/src/some/location/*@*]
    171159john = BROWSER_VIEW, FILE_VIEW
    172160
    173 
    174161# John has BROWSER_VIEW and FILE_VIEW access to only revision 1 of all files at trunk/src/some/location only
    175162[repository:test_repo@*/source:trunk/src/some/location/*@1]
    176163john = BROWSER_VIEW, FILE_VIEW
    177164
    178 
    179165# John has BROWSER_VIEW and FILE_VIEW access to all revisions of 'somefile' at trunk/src/some/location only
    180166[repository:test_repo@*/source:trunk/src/some/location/somefile@*]
    181167john = BROWSER_VIEW, FILE_VIEW
    182168
    183 
    184169# John has BROWSER_VIEW and FILE_VIEW access to only revision 1 of 'somefile' at trunk/src/some/location only
    185170[repository:test_repo@*/source:trunk/src/some/location/somefile@1]
    … …  
    189174Note: In order for Timeline to work/visible for John, we must add CHANGESET_VIEW to the above permission list.
    190175
     176==== Missing Features ====
     177Although possible with the !DefaultPermissionPolicy handling (see Admin panel), fine-grained permissions still miss those grouping features (see [trac:ticket:9573 #9573], [trac:ticket:5648 #5648]). Patches are partially available, see authz_policy.2.patch, part of [trac:ticket:6680 #6680].
     178
     179You cannot do the following:
     180{{{#!ini
     181[groups]
     182team1 = a, b, c
     183team2 = d, e, f
     184team3 = g, h, i
     185departmentA = team1, team2
     186}}}
     187
     188Permission groups are not supported either, so you cannot do the following:
     189{{{#!ini
     190[groups]
     191permission_level_1 = WIKI_VIEW, TICKET_VIEW
     192permission_level_2  = permission_level_1, WIKI_MODIFY, TICKET_MODIFY
     193[*]
     194@team1 = permission_level_1
     195@team2 = permission_level_2
     196@team3 = permission_level_2, TICKET_CREATE
     197}}}
    191198
    192199=== !AuthzSourcePolicy  (mod_authz_svn-like permission policy) === #AuthzSourcePolicy
    193200
    194 At the time of this writing, the old fine grained permissions system from Trac 0.11 and before used for restricting access to the repository has  been converted to a permission policy component, but from the user point of view, this makes little if no difference.
    195 
    196 That kind of fine-grained permission control needs a definition file, which is the one used by Subversion's mod_authz_svn.
    197 More information about this file format and about its usage in Subversion is available in the  [http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.5/svn.serverconfig.pathbasedauthz.html Path-Based Authorization] section in the Server Configuration chapter of the svn book.
     201At the time of this writing, the old granular permissions system from Trac 0.11 and before used for restricting access to the repository has been converted to a permission policy component. But from the user's point of view, this makes little if any difference.
     202
     203That kind of granular permission control needs a definition file, which is the one used by Subversion's mod_authz_svn.
     204More information about this file format and about its usage in Subversion is available in the [http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.5/svn.serverconfig.pathbasedauthz.html Path-Based Authorization] section in the Server Configuration chapter of the svn book.
    198205
    199206Example:
    200 {{{
     207{{{#!ini
    201208[/]
    202209* = r
    … …  
    216223==== Trac Configuration ====
    217224
    218 To activate fine grained permissions you __must__ specify the {{{authz_file}}} option in the {{{[trac]}}} section of trac.ini. If this option is set to null or not specified the permissions will not be used.
    219 
    220 {{{
     225To activate granular permissions you __must__ specify the {{{authz_file}}} option in the {{{[trac]}}} section of trac.ini. If this option is set to null or not specified, the permissions will not be used.
     226
     227{{{#!ini
    221228[trac]
    222229authz_file = /path/to/svnaccessfile
    223230}}}
    224231
    225 If you want to support the use of the `[`''modulename''`:/`''some''`/`''path''`]` syntax within the `authz_file`, add 
    226 
    227 {{{
     232If you want to support the use of the `[`''modulename''`:/`''some''`/`''path''`]` syntax within the `authz_file`, add:
     233
     234{{{#!ini
    228235authz_module_name = modulename
    229236}}}
    230237
    231 where ''modulename'' refers to the same repository indicated by the `repository_dir` entry in the `[trac]` section. As an example, if the `repository_dir` entry in the `[trac]` section is {{{/srv/active/svn/blahblah}}}, that would yield the following:
    232 
    233 {{{
     238where ''modulename'' refers to the same repository indicated by the `repository_dir` entry in the `[trac]` section. As an example, if the `repository_dir` entry in the `[trac]` section is {{{/srv/active/svn/somemodule}}}, that would yield the following:
     239
     240{{{ #!ini
    234241[trac]
    235242authz_file = /path/to/svnaccessfile
    236 authz_module_name = blahblah
     243authz_module_name = somemodule
    237244...
    238 repository_dir = /srv/active/svn/blahblah
    239 }}}
    240 
    241 where the svn access file, {{{/path/to/svnaccessfile}}}, contains entries such as {{{[blahblah:/some/path]}}}.
     245repository_dir = /srv/active/svn/somemodule
     246}}}
     247
     248where the svn access file, {{{/path/to/svnaccessfile}}}, contains entries such as {{{[somemodule:/some/path]}}}.
    242249
    243250'''Note:''' Usernames inside the Authz file __must__ be the same as those used inside trac.
    … …  
    245252As of version 0.12, make sure you have ''!AuthzSourcePolicy'' included in the permission_policies list in trac.ini, otherwise the authz permissions file will be ignored.
    246253
    247 {{{ 
     254{{{#!ini
    248255[trac]
    249256permission_policies = AuthzSourcePolicy, DefaultPermissionPolicy, LegacyAttachmentPolicy
    … …  
    253260
    254261The same access file is typically applied to the corresponding Subversion repository using an Apache directive like this:
    255 {{{
     262{{{#!apache
    256263<Location /repos>
    257264  DAV svn
    … …  
    263270}}}
    264271
    265 For information about how to restrict access to entire projects in a multiple project environment see [trac:wiki:TracMultipleProjectsSVNAccess]
     272For information about how to restrict access to entire projects in a multiple project environment see [trac:wiki:TracMultipleProjectsSVNAccess].
    266273
    267274== Debugging permissions
    268275In trac.ini set:
    269 {{{
     276{{{#!ini
    270277[logging]
    271278log_file = trac.log
    … …  
    274281}}}
    275282
    276 And watch:
    277 {{{
     283Display the trac.log to understand what checks are being performed:
     284{{{#!sh
    278285tail -n 0 -f log/trac.log | egrep '\[perm\]|\[authz_policy\]'
    279286}}}
    280287
    281 to understand what checks are being performed. See the sourced documentation of the plugin for more info.
    282 
     288See the sourced documentation of the plugin for more info.
    283289
    284290----